Conditions Treated

Find veterinary drugs by clinical condition. Each page lists the drugs in the ExoticRx formulary that have a cited dose rule for that indication. Curated rather than auto-generated so each page stands on its own as a clinical reference.

Anaerobic Infections
Bacterial infections caused by anaerobic organisms — common in dental, deep tissue, intra-abdominal, and necrotic wound contexts across veterinary species. Drug selection turns on penetration to anaerobic niches and species-specific GI safety (e.g. avoiding oral β-lactams in rabbits).
2 drugs
Giardiasis
Intestinal infection with Giardia (a flagellate protozoan). Common in young or recently rehomed animals and across exotic species kept in groups; presents as soft to watery diarrhoea, often intermittent. Treatment options vary by species — some species tolerate metronidazole poorly.
7 drugs
Coccidiosis
Protozoal infection of the intestinal tract caused by Eimeria, Isospora, and related coccidian organisms. Significant cause of diarrhoea, weight loss, and mortality in young livestock, poultry, and reptiles in particular.
24 drugs
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Chronic enteropathy of multifactorial cause, typically managed with a combination of dietary trial, anti-inflammatories, and selective antimicrobials targeting enteric flora. Diagnosis is one of exclusion; histopathology guides immunosuppressant choice.
9 drugs
Dermatophytosis (Ringworm)
Superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, and sometimes claws, caused by Microsporum and Trichophyton spp. Zoonotic; topical and systemic antifungals used concurrently in significant cases.
25 drugs
Hypocalcaemia
Low circulating calcium. Causes range from acute parturient hypocalcaemia in livestock to chronic nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism (NSHP / MBD) in reptiles. Acute treatment requires calcium gluconate; chronic management addresses husbandry and diet.
4 drugs
Diabetes Mellitus
Endocrine disorder of insulin deficiency or resistance. Insulin therapy is mainstay in dogs and cats; oral hypoglycaemics (acarbose, glipizide) play niche roles. Weight management and dietary modification are central in feline cases.
9 drugs
Hyperthyroidism
Endocrine excess of thyroid hormone, most commonly seen in cats over 10 years of age. Treatment options span medical (methimazole), dietary (iodine-restricted), surgical (thyroidectomy), and radioactive iodine (I-131).
8 drugs
Renal Disease
Acute or chronic kidney dysfunction. Drug selection is constrained by the need to avoid nephrotoxics (aminoglycosides, NSAIDs in many cases) and to dose-adjust renally cleared drugs. ACEi and dietary management feature heavily in chronic protocols.
17 drugs
Pain Management
Multimodal analgesia spanning NSAIDs, opioids, local anaesthetics, NMDA antagonists (ketamine), α2 agonists, and adjuncts. Species safety matters: NSAIDs are unsafe in some reptiles, opioid receptor distributions differ in birds, and rabbits tolerate buprenorphine particularly well.
36 drugs
Ectoparasites
External parasites including fleas, ticks, mites, and lice. Isoxazolines, macrocyclic lactones, and pyrethroids each carry species-specific cautions (e.g. permethrin lethal in cats).
12 drugs
Endoparasites
Gastrointestinal helminth and protozoal infections. Macrocyclic lactones, benzimidazoles, and pyrantel cover the bulk of nematode treatment; protozoal indications require dedicated drugs (metronidazole, sulfadimethoxine).
26 drugs
Bacterial Infections
General coverage of susceptible bacterial pathogens. Drug selection turns on the suspected organism's gram-stain, the patient's species (oral β-lactams unsafe in rabbits/guinea pigs), and the infection site (penetration to bone, CSF, or biliary tree).
36 drugs
Respiratory Infections
Upper- and lower-respiratory bacterial, mycoplasmal, and fungal infection. Includes bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) in cattle, pneumonia in companion species, and air sacculitis in birds. Antimicrobial choice often requires species-specific evidence.
40 drugs
Systemic Fungal Infections
Disseminated mycoses including blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis. Triazoles (itraconazole, voriconazole) are first-line for most; therapeutic drug monitoring is standard in psittacine and prolonged courses.
17 drugs
Sedation
Pharmacologic sedation for diagnostic procedures, minor surgical interventions, and pre-anaesthetic premedi-cation. α2 agonists (dexmedetomidine, medetomidine), phenothiazines (acepromazine), and benzodiazepines (midazolam) form the backbone of veterinary protocols.
24 drugs
General Anesthesia
Induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia. Injectable induction with ketamine, propofol, alfaxalone, or etomidate; inhalational maintenance with isoflurane or sevoflurane. Species-specific airway anatomy and thermoregulation drive plan choice.
10 drugs
Osteoarthritis
Chronic degenerative joint disease — common in older dogs and cats, increasingly recognised in rabbits and geriatric birds. Multimodal management spans NSAIDs, adjunctive analgesics (gabapentin), monoclonal antibody therapy (frunevetmab in cats), and joint-supplement adjuncts.
29 drugs
GI Stasis (Ileus)
Decreased GI motility — a clinical emergency in rabbits, guinea pigs, chinchillas, and equines. Management combines prokinetics, analgesia, hydration, and species-appropriate fibre intake. Untreated GI stasis is rapidly fatal in obligate hindgut fermenters.
8 drugs
Seizures and Epilepsy
Acute control and chronic management of seizure disorders. Status-epilepticus protocols use benzodiazepines first line, with phenobarbital, levetiracetam, or potassium bromide for maintenance. Etiology workup is essential — idiopathic epilepsy is a diagnosis of exclusion.
37 drugs
Systemic Hypertension
Persistently elevated systemic blood pressure, most often secondary to renal disease, hyperthyroidism, or hyperadrenocorticism. Amlodipine remains first-line in cats; ACE inhibitors and telmisartan figure heavily in canine and protein-losing nephropathy protocols.
19 drugs
Glaucoma
Elevated intraocular pressure with optic-nerve damage. Topical β-blockers, carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors, and prostaglandin analogues form the first-line medical regimen; surgical intervention follows when pressure can't be controlled.
20 drugs
Conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva — bacterial, viral, allergic, or feline-herpesvirus-associated. Topical antimicrobials (chloramphenicol, fusidic acid) are first-line for bacterial cases; FHV-1 conjunctivitis in cats responds to topical or systemic antiviral therapy.
20 drugs
Cryptosporidiosis
Protozoal enteric infection caused by Cryptosporidium spp. — significant in calves, lambs, foals, reptiles (notably leopard geckos via C. saurophilum), and as a zoonotic concern. No reliably effective antiprotozoal in many species; supportive care remains the mainstay.
5 drugs
Hypoglycaemia
Low blood glucose — emergency in neonates, toy breeds, ferrets with insulinoma, sepsis cases, and insulin-overdose patients. IV dextrose is acute treatment; chronic management depends on the underlying cause.
4 drugs
Anaphylaxis
Acute systemic IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the universal first-line; antihistamines and corticosteroids play adjunct roles. Prepare for biphasic reactions over 24 hours.
3 drugs
GI Ulceration
Erosive disease of the gastric or duodenal mucosa, often precipitated by NSAID exposure, mast-cell tumour histamine release, or stress in equines. Proton-pump inhibitors and H2 blockers reduce acid secretion; sucralfate provides mucosal protection.
14 drugs
Flea and Tick Control
Preventive and therapeutic ectoparasiticide programmes. Isoxazolines (afoxolaner, fluralaner, sarolaner, lotilaner) dominate the small-animal market; species safety windows differ markedly (avoid permethrin in cats, ivermectin caution in MDR1 dogs).
20 drugs