Systemic Fungal Infections in Amazon Parrots
Bird · Amazona spp. · typical adult weight 0.35–0.55 kg
2 cited drugs treat Systemic Fungal Infections in amazon parrots: Ketoconazole, Terbinafine.
Disseminated mycoses including blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis. Triazoles (itraconazole, voriconazole) are first-line for most; therapeutic drug monitoring is standard in psittacine and prolonged courses.
The overview above describes Systemic Fungal Infections across species; the citations below are the ExoticRx dose rules scoped to amazon parrots — a reference list, not new species-specific clinical guidance.
Ketoconazole(Nizoral)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 30 mg/kg | q12h x 7-14 days | Systemic mycoses / candidiasis | Weak | 490. Kollias GV Jr., Palgut J, Rossi J, et al. The use of ketoconazole in birds: preliminary pharmacokinetics and clinical applications. Proc Annu Conf Assoc Avian Vet; 1986:103. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.426 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 5.2 (Antifungal Agents Used in Birds). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929 |
Terbinafine(Lamisil)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 60 mg/kg | q24h | Systemic fungal infection / aspergillosis; PK-derived | Moderate | 269. Evans EE, Emery LC, Cox SK, et al. Pharmacokinetics of terbinafine after oral administration of a single dose to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis). Am J Vet Res. 2013;74(6):835-838. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.428 doi:10.2460/ajvr.74.6.835 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 5.2 (Antifungal Agents Used in Birds). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929 |
Other conditions in Amazon Parrots
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice. Verify against current literature before clinical use.