Amphibian · Anaxyrus houstonensis · typical adult weight 0.03–0.09 kg
Atropine is dosed at 0.1 mg/kg s.c./i.m./i.v./i.c. as required in houston toads, per Ramsey I, ed. BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed. Part B: Exotic Pets. Gloucester: British Small Animal Veterinary Association; 2023. p.44. — LOCATOR CONVENTION 2026-08-07: the bare 'p.44' in this citation is the PDF index of the held scan, not the printed page. The PRINTED page is p.30; verified by finding the drug named there. If you are holding the book, turn to p.30. — SOURCE EDITION: BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, Part B — Exotic Pets — ISBN 9781910443712, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9781910443712. Atropine is used in houston toads for Organophosphate toxicity. Routes documented in houston toads: s.c./i.m./i.v./i.c.. A typical adult houston toad weighs 0.03–0.09 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Atropine in houston toads, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s.c./i.m./i.v./i.c. | 0.1 mg/kg | as required | Organophosphate toxicity | Moderate |
Every held source for this drug and species, as printed. Where they differ, both are shown — the choice is yours, not ours.
| Dose (mg/kg) | Route | Source | As printed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | SC | BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed — Part B (Exotic Pets)p.44 | 0.1 mg/kg s.c., i.m., i.v., intracoelomic as required (organophosphate toxicity). |
| 0.01–0.04 | INTRACARDIAC | Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.4 | 0.01-0.04 mg/kg SC, IM,33 IV,89 ICe295 Most species/preanesthetic; bradycardia; rarely indicated; generally use only in profound or prolonged bradycardia;295 may help prevent intra |
| 0.5 | IM | Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.4 | 0.5 mg/kg IM, IV, IT, IO232 Most species/bradycardia, decrease secretions, CPR |
| 2 | IM | Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd ed |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your houston toad's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist. Increases heart rate (vagolytic), reduces secretions, and mydriasis.
Tachycardia, ileus, urinary retention. Increases myocardial oxygen demand. Rabbits have high atropinase activity — may need higher/more frequent doses or use glycopyrrolate instead.
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for houston toads may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Atropine dose range in houston toads, with cited source references: s.c./i.m./i.v./i.c. 0.1 mg/kg as required. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Atropine in houston toads: s.c./i.m./i.v./i.c..
Atropine is indicated in houston toads for: Organophosphate toxicity.
These are general warnings for Atropine across species; consult the houston toad dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Tachycardia, ileus, urinary retention. Increases myocardial oxygen demand. Rabbits have high atropinase activity — may need higher/more frequent doses or use glycopyrrolate instead.
Why a species-specific page? Atropine pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in houston toads — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.
| 01-0.04 mg/kg IM, IV q8-24h226 Most st 1-0.2 mg/kg IM prn99 Most 2 mg/kg SC, IM282 Most species/dries up excess mucous secretions with infectious omatitis species/organophosphate t |
Figures are transcribed from the cited page or table of each held edition and are shown for reference only. They are not dose recommendations, they do not feed the calculator, and none has been reviewed by a veterinarian.