Piperacillin for Houston Toads

Amphibian · Anaxyrus houstonensis · typical adult weight 0.03–0.09 kg

Piperacillin is dosed at 100 mg/kg s.c., i.m. q24h in houston toads, per Ramsey I, ed. BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed. Part B: Exotic Pets. Gloucester: British Small Animal Veterinary Association; 2023. p.255. — LOCATOR CONVENTION 2026-08-07: the bare 'p.255' in this citation is the PDF index of the held scan, not the printed page. The PRINTED page is p.241; verified by finding the drug named there. If you are holding the book, turn to p.241. — SOURCE EDITION: BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, Part B — Exotic Pets — ISBN 9781910443712, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9781910443712. Piperacillin (Uncategorized) has cited veterinary dosing for houston toads. Routes documented in houston toads: s.c., i.m.. A typical adult houston toad weighs 0.03–0.09 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Piperacillin in houston toads, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.

Contraindicated in Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Chinchilla, Hamster, Degu

Rabbit: Oral beta-lactams cause fatal dysbiosis in rabbitsOral amoxicillin (and other oral beta-lactams) selectively destroy gram-positive hindgut flora in rabbits, allowing Clostridium spiroforme overgrowth and fatal enterotoxemia. Never administer oral beta-lactams to rabbits. Parenteral administration carries a lower risk than the oral route, but is not established as safe in rabbits.
Guinea Pig: Oral beta-lactams cause fatal dysbiosis in guinea pigsOral amoxicillin reliably causes Clostridium difficile-mediated fatal enterotoxemia in guinea pigs. Same mechanism as in rabbits. Parenteral administration carries a lower risk than the oral route; parenteral ceftiofur specifically has been given to guinea pigs and chinchillas without adverse effect.
Chinchilla: Oral beta-lactams cause fatal dysbiosis in chinchillasChinchillas are hindgut fermenters with the same flora dependence as rabbits and guinea pigs. Oral penicillins and oral cephalosporins trigger Clostridium overgrowth and fatal enterotoxemia. Never give oral beta-lactams; parenteral routes and trimethoprim-sulfa, fluoroquinolones, or chloramphenicol are the safer choices.
Hamster: Oral beta-lactams cause fatal enterocolitis in hamstersHamsters are exquisitely susceptible to antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile enterocolitis — the hamster is the classic laboratory model for it. Oral penicillins and cephalosporins are reliably fatal. Never administer oral beta-lactams.
Degu: Oral beta-lactams risk fatal dysbiosis in degusDegus are caviomorph hindgut fermenters closely related to chinchillas and guinea pigs. Degu-specific data is limited, so this warning is extrapolated from those related hystricomorphs — but the shared physiology makes oral beta-lactam enterotoxemia the expected outcome. Treat as contraindicated; use the safer alternatives.

Dose ranges

Route	Dose	Frequency	Indication	Evidence	Source
s.c., i.m.	100 mg/kg	q24h	—	Moderate	Ramsey I, ed. BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed. Part B: Exotic Pets. Gloucester: British Small Animal Veterinary Association; 2023. p.255. — LOCATOR CONVENTION 2026-08-07: the bare 'p.255' in this citation is the PDF index of the held scan, not the printed page. The PRINTED page is p.241; verified by finding the drug named there. If you are holding the book, turn to p.241. — SOURCE EDITION: BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, Part B — Exotic Pets — ISBN 9781910443712, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9781910443712

What each reference text prints

Every held source for this drug and species, as printed. Where they differ, both are shown — the choice is yours, not ours.

Printed doses in mg/kg for this drug and species, by source
Dose (mg/kg)	Route	Source	As printed
100	SC	BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed — Part B (Exotic Pets)p.255	100 mg/kg s.c., i.m. q24h.
50–100	IM	Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.1	50-100 mg/kg IM q24h70,88 Most species/broad-spectrum bactericidal agent; maintain hydration; may use with an aminoglycoside
100–200	SC	Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.1	100-200 mg/kg SC, IM q24-48h148 100 mg/10 mL saline × 30 min nebulization q12h238 Chameleons Most species/pneumonia
100	SC	Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 128.1

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Frequently asked questions

What is the dose of Piperacillin for Houston Toads?

Piperacillin dose range in houston toads, with cited source references: s.c., i.m. 100 mg/kg q24h. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.

How is Piperacillin administered in Houston Toads?

Documented routes for Piperacillin in houston toads: s.c., i.m..

Piperacillin dosing in other species

African Clawed Frogs Axolotls Fire Salamanders White's Tree Frogs African Grey Parrots African Pygmy Hedgehogs Amazon Parrots Ball Pythons

See all species for Piperacillin See all drugs for Houston Toads

Why a species-specific page? Piperacillin pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in houston toads — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.

Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.