Bird · Ara ararauna · typical adult weight 0.90–1.30 kg
Amitriptyline is dosed at 2 mg/kg PO q24h in blue-and-gold macaws, per Eugenio CT. Amitriptyline HCl: clinical study for treatment of feather picking. Proc Annu Conf Assoc Avian Vet; 2003:133-135. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.471 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 5.10 (Psychotropic and Antiepileptic Agents Used in Birds.a,b). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929. Amitriptyline is used in blue-and-gold macaws for Feather damaging behavior / anxiety. Routes documented in blue-and-gold macaws: PO. A typical adult blue-and-gold macaw weighs 0.90–1.30 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Amitriptyline in blue-and-gold macaws, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
US trade names: Elavil
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Duration | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 2 mg/kg | q24h | Minimum of 30 days | Feather damaging behavior / anxiety | Weak | Eugenio CT. Amitriptyline HCl: clinical study for treatment of feather picking. Proc Annu Conf Assoc Avian Vet; 2003:133-135. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.471 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 5.10 (Psychotropic and Antiepileptic Agents Used in Birds.a,b). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929 |
Every held source for this drug and species, as printed. Where they differ, both are shown — the choice is yours, not ours.
The sources disagree for this combination. The ranges below do not overlap on a comparable route. This is not an error in one of them — published veterinary references differ, and reconciling them for a particular patient is a clinical judgement.
| Dose (mg/kg) | Route | Source | As printed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1–9 | PO | BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed — Part B (Exotic Pets)p.32 | 1-9 mg/kg p.o. q12h. Studies suggest higher dose rates generally needed. However, dosing should be |
| 5 | — | BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed — Part B (Exotic Pets)p.32 | given the occurrence of severe extrapyramidal signs seen at 5mg/kg a,b |
| 1–5 | PO | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 5.10 | 1-5 mg/kg PO q12- 24h,221 |
| 2 |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your blue-and-gold macaw's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Also has anticholinergic, antihistaminic, and alpha-adrenergic blocking properties.
Allow 2-4 weeks for behavioral effects. Sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation. CONTRAINDICATED with MAOIs. Serotonin syndrome risk with tramadol. Cardiotoxic in overdose.
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for blue-and-gold macaws may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Amitriptyline dose range in blue-and-gold macaws, with cited source references: PO 2 mg/kg q24h. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Amitriptyline in blue-and-gold macaws: PO.
Cited course lengths for Amitriptyline in blue-and-gold macaws include: Minimum of 30 days. Duration depends on the indication — match it to the specific dose rule in the table above.
Amitriptyline is indicated in blue-and-gold macaws for: Feather damaging behavior / anxiety.
These are general warnings for Amitriptyline across species; consult the blue-and-gold macaw dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Allow 2-4 weeks for behavioral effects. Sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation. CONTRAINDICATED with MAOIs. Serotonin syndrome risk with tramadol. Cardiotoxic in overdose.
Why a species-specific page? Amitriptyline pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in blue-and-gold macaws — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.
| PO |
| Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 5.10 |
| 2 mg/kg PO q24h |
Figures are transcribed from the cited page or table of each held edition and are shown for reference only. They are not dose recommendations, they do not feed the calculator, and none has been reviewed by a veterinarian.