Bird · Ara ararauna · typical adult weight 0.90–1.30 kg
Ketoconazole is dosed at 20 mg/kg PO q8h in blue-and-gold macaws, per Phalen DN. Common bacterial and fungal infectious diseases in pet birds. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 2003;25:43-48. — Mined from Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.426 (2026-08-01, PENDING REVIEW). Ketoconazole is used in blue-and-gold macaws for Refractory candidiasis. Routes documented in blue-and-gold macaws: PO. A typical adult blue-and-gold macaw weighs 0.90–1.30 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Ketoconazole in blue-and-gold macaws, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
US trade names: Nizoral
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 20 mg/kg | q8h | Refractory candidiasis | Weak | Phalen DN. Common bacterial and fungal infectious diseases in pet birds. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 2003;25:43-48. — Mined from Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.426 (2026-08-01, PENDING REVIEW) |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your blue-and-gold macaw's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Inhibits lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase (CYP51), blocking ergosterol synthesis in fungal membranes. At high doses, inhibits adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis.
Hepatotoxic — monitor liver enzymes. Strong CYP inhibitor (many drug interactions). Requires gastric acid for absorption (do not give with antacids). Also used for Cushing's disease (adrenal steroidogenesis inhibition).
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for blue-and-gold macaws may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Ketoconazole dose range in blue-and-gold macaws, with cited source references: PO 20 mg/kg q8h. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Ketoconazole in blue-and-gold macaws: PO.
Ketoconazole is indicated in blue-and-gold macaws for: Refractory candidiasis.
These are general warnings for Ketoconazole across species; consult the blue-and-gold macaw dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Hepatotoxic — monitor liver enzymes. Strong CYP inhibitor (many drug interactions). Requires gastric acid for absorption (do not give with antacids). Also used for Cushing's disease (adrenal steroidogenesis inhibition).
Why a species-specific page? Ketoconazole pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in blue-and-gold macaws — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.