Fish · Cyprinus carpio · typical adult weight 0.25–20.00 kg
Morphine is dosed at 5 mg/kg IM single pre-operative dose in koi, per Baker TR, Baker BB, Johnson SM, Sladky KK. Comparative analgesic efficacy of morphine sulfate and butorphanol tartrate in koi (Cyprinus carpio) undergoing unilateral gonadectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(6):882-890. doi:10.2460/javma.243.6.882 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5075523/. Morphine is used in koi for Perioperative analgesia (coeliotomy/gonadectomy). Routes documented in koi: IM. A typical adult koi weighs 0.25–20.00 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Morphine in koi, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IM | 5 mg/kg | single pre-operative dose | Perioperative analgesia (coeliotomy/gonadectomy) | Strong | Baker TR, Baker BB, Johnson SM, Sladky KK. Comparative analgesic efficacy of morphine sulfate and butorphanol tartrate in koi (Cyprinus carpio) undergoing unilateral gonadectomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243(6):882-890. doi:10.2460/javma.243.6.882 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5075523/ |
Every held source for this drug and species, as printed. Where they differ, both are shown — the choice is yours, not ours.
| Dose (mg/kg) | Route | Source | As printed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | IM | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 2.3 | 5 mg/kg IM |
| 40 | IP | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 2.3 | 40 mg/kg IP or 17 mg/kg IV |
| 17 | IV | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 2.3 | 40 mg/kg IP or 17 mg/kg IV |
| Dose (mg/l) | Route | Source | As printed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.17–0.3 | IMMERSION |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your koi's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Prototype full mu-opioid receptor agonist. Activates mu, kappa, and delta opioid receptors producing analgesia, sedation, and euphoria.
Histamine release with rapid IV injection (hypotension, bronchoconstriction — give slowly). Vomiting and defecation common initial effects. Respiratory depression. Cats: may cause excitation/dysphoria at higher doses. Controlled substance (Schedule II).
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for koi may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Morphine dose range in koi, with cited source references: IM 5 mg/kg single pre-operative dose. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Morphine in koi: IM.
Morphine is indicated in koi for: Perioperative analgesia (coeliotomy/gonadectomy).
These are general warnings for Morphine across species; consult the koi dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Histamine release with rapid IV injection (hypotension, bronchoconstriction — give slowly). Vomiting and defecation common initial effects. Respiratory depression. Cats: may cause excitation/dysphoria at higher doses. Controlled substance (Schedule II).
Why a species-specific page? Morphine pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in koi — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.
| Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 2.3 |
| 0.17-0.3 mg/L bath 0.6 mL/L bath |
Figures are transcribed from the cited page or table of each held edition and are shown for reference only. They are not dose recommendations, they do not feed the calculator, and none has been reviewed by a veterinarian.