Reptile · Terrapene carolina · typical adult weight 0.30–0.60 kg
Bupivacaine is dosed at 1 mg/kg intrathecal single dose in eastern box turtles, per 206. Mans C. Clinical technique: intrathecal drug administration in turtles and tortoises. J Exot Pet Med. 2014;23:67-70. — Mined from Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1408 (2026-08-01, PENDING REVIEW) doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2013.11.011. Bupivacaine is used in eastern box turtles for spinal/regional anaesthesia and analgesia. Routes documented in eastern box turtles: intrathecal. A typical adult eastern box turtle weighs 0.30–0.60 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Bupivacaine in eastern box turtles, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
US trade names: Marcaine, Nocita
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| intrathecal | 1 mg/kg | single dose | spinal/regional anaesthesia and analgesia | Moderate | 206. Mans C. Clinical technique: intrathecal drug administration in turtles and tortoises. J Exot Pet Med. 2014;23:67-70. — Mined from Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1408 (2026-08-01, PENDING REVIEW) doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2013.11.011 |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your eastern box turtle's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Long-acting amide local anesthetic blocking voltage-gated sodium channels. Duration 4-8 hours (standard) or 72 hours (Nocita liposomal).
Nocita (liposomal bupivacaine) FDA-approved for post-op pain in dogs/cats. Cardiotoxic if inadvertently given IV. Do not use with epinephrine on digits/tail.
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for eastern box turtles may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Bupivacaine dose range in eastern box turtles, with cited source references: intrathecal 1 mg/kg single dose. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Bupivacaine in eastern box turtles: intrathecal.
Bupivacaine is indicated in eastern box turtles for: spinal/regional anaesthesia and analgesia.
These are general warnings for Bupivacaine across species; consult the eastern box turtle dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Nocita (liposomal bupivacaine) FDA-approved for post-op pain in dogs/cats. Cardiotoxic if inadvertently given IV. Do not use with epinephrine on digits/tail.
Why a species-specific page? Bupivacaine pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in eastern box turtles — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.