Reptile · Testudo horsfieldii · typical adult weight 0.23–0.91 kg
Bupivacaine is dosed at 1 mg/kg intrathecal single dose in russian tortoises, per 294. Mans C. Clinical technique: intrathecal drug administration in turtles and tortoises. J Exot Pet Med. 2014;23:67-70. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.252 doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2013.11.011 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 4.6 (Analgesic (Including Antiinflammatory) Agents Used in Reptiles). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929. Bupivacaine is used in russian tortoises for Regional analgesia / spinal anaesthesia of the caudal body. Routes documented in russian tortoises: intrathecal. A typical adult russian tortoise weighs 0.23–0.91 kg. ExoticRx lists 1 cited dose rule for Bupivacaine in russian tortoises, drawn from published veterinary references. Verify against current literature before clinical use.
US trade names: Marcaine, Nocita
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| intrathecal | 1 mg/kg | single dose | Regional analgesia / spinal anaesthesia of the caudal body | Moderate | 294. Mans C. Clinical technique: intrathecal drug administration in turtles and tortoises. J Exot Pet Med. 2014;23:67-70. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.252 doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2013.11.011 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 4.6 (Analgesic (Including Antiinflammatory) Agents Used in Reptiles). The copy held is an ebook conversion with no printed page numbers, so the table — not the page — is the citable location. — SOURCE EDITION: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary — ISBN 9780323833929, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323833929 |
Every held source for this drug and species, as printed. Where they differ, both are shown — the choice is yours, not ours.
| Dose (mg/kg) | Route | Source | As printed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1–2 | — | BSAVA Small Animal Formulary, 10th ed — Part B (Exotic Pets)p.57 | 1-2 mg/kg local infusion or used in combination with lidocaine for intrathecal anaesthesia in chelo |
| 1–2 | — | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 4.6 | 1-2 mg/kg local q4-12h prn |
| 1 | — | Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th edTable 4.6 | 1 mg/kg intrathecal |
| 1–2 | — | Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.6 | 1-2 mg/kg local q4-12h prn298 Most species/local anesthesia; 4 mg/kg maximum dose |
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These ranges are per kg. Enter your russian tortoise's weight to get the precise dose and draw-up volume — unit and concentration math done for you.
Long-acting amide local anesthetic blocking voltage-gated sodium channels. Duration 4-8 hours (standard) or 72 hours (Nocita liposomal).
Nocita (liposomal bupivacaine) FDA-approved for post-op pain in dogs/cats. Cardiotoxic if inadvertently given IV. Do not use with epinephrine on digits/tail.
Species-specific contraindications and adverse-reaction reports for russian tortoises may differ from canine / feline reference data — consult the primary citations listed with each rule.
Bupivacaine dose range in russian tortoises, with cited source references: intrathecal 1 mg/kg single dose. Reference ranges from cited sources — verify against current literature before clinical use.
Documented routes for Bupivacaine in russian tortoises: intrathecal.
Bupivacaine is indicated in russian tortoises for: Regional analgesia / spinal anaesthesia of the caudal body.
These are general warnings for Bupivacaine across species; consult the russian tortoise dosing table above for species-specific guidance. Nocita (liposomal bupivacaine) FDA-approved for post-op pain in dogs/cats. Cardiotoxic if inadvertently given IV. Do not use with epinephrine on digits/tail.
Why a species-specific page? Bupivacaine pharmacokinetics differ across species: dose ranges, intervals, and route preferences are not interchangeable. Cross-extrapolation from canine doses is unsafe in russian tortoises — the rules above are the citations specific to this species, not generic recommendations.
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice.
| 1 |
| — |
| Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edTable 127.6 |
| 1 mg/kg intrathecal206 Turtles, tortoises/regional analgesia/anesthesia |
Figures are transcribed from the cited page or table of each held edition and are shown for reference only. They are not dose recommendations, they do not feed the calculator, and none has been reviewed by a veterinarian.