Systemic Fungal Infections in Eastern Box Turtles
Reptile · Terrapene carolina · typical adult weight 0.30–0.60 kg
4 cited drugs treat Systemic Fungal Infections in eastern box turtles: Amphotericin B, Griseofulvin, Itraconazole, Ketoconazole.
Disseminated mycoses including blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis. Triazoles (itraconazole, voriconazole) are first-line for most; therapeutic drug monitoring is standard in psittacine and prolonged courses.
The overview above describes Systemic Fungal Infections across species; the citations below are the ExoticRx dose rules scoped to eastern box turtles — a reference list, not new species-specific clinical guidance.
Amphotericin B(Fungizone, Abelcet)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IV | 0.5 mg/kg | q48-72h | systemic mycosis | Weak | 89. Frye FL. Reptile Clinician's Handbook. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing; 1994. — Source: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1404 — SOURCE EDITION: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery (Divers & Stahl) — ISBN 9780323482530, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323482530 |
Griseofulvin(Fulvicin, Grisovin)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 15 mg/kg | q72h | dermatophytosis/mycosis | Weak | 149. Jepson L. Lizards. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:268-314. | 150. Jepson L. Snakes. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:315-357. | 151. Jepson L. Turtles and tortoises. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:358-411. — Source: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1404 — SOURCE EDITION: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery (Divers & Stahl) — ISBN 9780323482530, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323482530 — PRINTED DETAIL MISSING FROM THIS RULE (retrieved 2026-08-19): *"Griseofulvin | 15 mg/kg PO q72h²²¹˒²²²˒²⁴³ | Most species"* — Carpenter's 6e, Table 4.3 (Antifungal Agents Used in Reptiles); identical row in Mader's 3e p.1194, Table 127.1. Missing printed caution, Mader's p.979: *"Griseofulvin has been shown to be teratogenic in pregnant animals of many species."* |
Itraconazole(Sporanox, Itrafungol)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 5 mg/kg | q24h | systemic/cutaneous mycosis | Weak | 214. Martel A, Hellebuyck T, Van Waeyenberghe L. Treatment of infections with Nannizziopsis vriesii, an emergent reptilian dermatophytea. Proc Annu Conf Assoc Rept Amph Vet. 2009;69-70. — Source: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1405 — SOURCE EDITION: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery (Divers & Stahl) — ISBN 9780323482530, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323482530 |
Ketoconazole(Nizoral)
Antifungal| Route | Dose | Frequency | Indication | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PO | 15 mg/kg | q72h | mycosis | Weak | 149. Jepson L. Lizards. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:268-314. | 150. Jepson L. Snakes. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:315-357. | 151. Jepson L. Turtles and tortoises. Exotic Animal Medicine: A Quick Reference Guide. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009:358-411. — Source: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Ed, p.1405 — SOURCE EDITION: Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery (Divers & Stahl) — ISBN 9780323482530, https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780323482530 |
Other conditions in Eastern Box Turtles
Sourced from published veterinary references; awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer. See our editorial process. Reference only — not veterinary advice. Verify against current literature before clinical use.