Which species have cited Pentoxifylline dosing data?

Pentoxifylline dosing in the ExoticRx formulary covers 3 species: African Grey Parrot, Dog (Domestic), Ferret.

Is Pentoxifylline a controlled substance?

Pentoxifylline is not federally scheduled in the US. Controlled-drug status differs by country — verify your local rules.

Pentoxifylline

US brand names:Trental

Calculate dosage

Sourced from published veterinary references. Awaiting credentialed clinical reviewer — our editorial process.

Pentoxifylline is dosed at 20 mg/kg PO q12h in ferrets, per Hoefer HL, et al. Gastrointestinal diseases of ferrets. In: Quesenberry KE, OrcuttCJ, Mans C, et al. Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 4th ed., Elsevier, St. Louis, MO; 2021:27-38. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.957 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 11.10 (Miscellaneous Agents Used in Ferrets.a). Verify against current literature before clinical use.

Drug Class

Analgesic

Routes

Indications

DermatomyositisFerret systemic coronavirus — supportive treatmentImprove peripheral perfusionincluding dermatomyositis (extra-label)

Ischemic dermatopathy

peripheral arterial disease

Mechanism of Action

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor improving red blood cell deformability and reducing blood viscosity. Also inhibits TNF-alpha and other cytokines.

Side effects & warnings

Used for dermatomyositis, vasculitis, and microcirculatory disorders. GI upset common (give with food). Do not crush ER tablets. Generally well tolerated.

Species with Pentoxifylline dosing data (4 dose rules)

African Grey Parrot Dog (Domestic)Ferret

Species references:All African Grey Parrot drugs All Dog (Domestic) drugs All Ferret drugs

Evidence levels across 4 dose rules

Weak×2Moderate×2

Each ExoticRx dose rule is graded by the strength of its primary evidence — see the editorial process.

Sample dosing (2 of 4 cited rules)

A dog/cat sample is shown here. Cited dosing for all 3 species — reptiles, birds, pocket pets, livestock, and equine — is free on the per-species pages above. Pro adds the weight-based calculator for every species.

Species	Route	Dose	Frequency	Evidence	Source
Dog (Domestic)	PO	15–25 mg/kg	q12h	Moderate	Hillier A. Why Are These Nails Falling Off? Claw Diseases of the Dog. Presented at: Atlantic Coast Vet Conference; 2015. — Plumb's 10th ed printed p.1003, Pentoxifylline monograph spanning p.1002-1003. — Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 10th ed, Pentoxifylline monograph, printed p.1004, DOGS: "Ischemic dermatopathies (extra-label): 15 mg/kg PO every 8 hours to 30 mg/kg PO every 12 hours. One […]"; same monograph, printed p.1002, Uses/Indications: "It is also used for ischemic dermatopathies including familial canine dermatomyositis."Compilation only — we have not located an independent source that prints this figure.
Dog (Domestic)	PO	10–25 mg/kg	q8-12h	Moderate	Koch S, Torres S, Plumb D. Small Animal Dermatology Drug Handbook. Wiley-Blackwell; 2012. — Plumb's 10th ed printed p.1002, Pentoxifylline monograph spanning p.1002-1003.

Backed by 4 published sourcesShow

· 71. Beaufrère H, Holder KA, Bauer R, et al. Intermittent claudication-like syndrome secondary to atherosclerosis in a yellow-naped Amazon parrot (Amazona ochrocephala auropalliata). J Avian Med Surg. 2011;25(4):266-276. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.493 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 5.18 (Miscellaneous Agents Used in Birds).
· Hillier A. Why Are These Nails Falling Off? Claw Diseases of the Dog. Presented at: Atlantic Coast Vet Conference; 2015. — Plumb's 10th ed printed p.1003, Pentoxifylline monograph spanning p.1002-1003. — Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 10th ed, Pentoxifylline monograph, printed p.1004, DOGS: "Ischemic dermatopathies (extra-label): 15 mg/kg PO every 8 hours to 30 mg/kg PO every 12 hours. One […]"; same monograph, printed p.1002, Uses/Indications: "It is also used for ischemic dermatopathies including familial canine dermatomyositis."
· Hoefer HL, et al. Gastrointestinal diseases of ferrets. In: Quesenberry KE, OrcuttCJ, Mans C, et al. Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 4th ed., Elsevier, St. Louis, MO; 2021:27-38. — Source: Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary, 6th Ed, p.957 — Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary 6th ed, Table 11.10 (Miscellaneous Agents Used in Ferrets.a).

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Other formulations of Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline (Respiratory)

Compilation only — we have not located an independent source that prints this figure.

· Koch S, Torres S, Plumb D. Small Animal Dermatology Drug Handbook. Wiley-Blackwell; 2012. — Plumb's 10th ed printed p.1002, Pentoxifylline monograph spanning p.1002-1003.